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Infrared and especially Haz considers religion as an important part of humanity and Infrared has it that religion is essential to have a better understanding of mankind, history and even more so in understanding the essence of Marxism.
Infrared and especially Haz considers religion as an important part of humanity, and that religion is essential to have a better understanding of mankind, history, and even more so the essence of Marxism.


Haz described communism as "innermost sacred belief held by mankind" while talking about its compatibility with religion.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/live/YtlKhLv0UDY?si=0i_gGBdHl5i7-EJN&t=463</ref>, he considers theological questions are of decisive significance in the mediation of people's lives with a sense of meaning. Humanity cannot dwell at the precipice of extinction is a message which can be deduced from the questions pertaining to humanity's existence of both of philosophical and theological nature.<ref>https://youtu.be/12uNL8ob_-w?si=udA9lkjGr6_XgU3a&t=77</ref> However, religion is more fundamental feeling, it is more fundamental way of worship, it is a way to relate to the divine whereas philosophy is the expounding of this way into consciousness. This aspect of philosophy for Haz is abstracting from the vital essence of religion and turning it into a dead idol, a dead form. Haz tells that Marx has not attacked religion but on the contrary he has attacked philosophy. <ref>https://youtu.be/ca1Q_Abm5Dk?si=IiBoRPrmY5Kj5Cap&t=956</ref>
Haz described communism as "innermost sacred belief held by mankind" while talking about its compatibility with religion.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/live/YtlKhLv0UDY?t=463</ref>, he considers theological questions are of decisive significance in the mediation of people's lives with a sense of meaning. Humanity cannot dwell at the precipice of extinction is a message which can be deduced from the questions pertaining to humanity's existence of both of philosophical and theological nature.<ref>https://youtu.be/12uNL8ob_-w?t=77</ref> However, religion is more fundamental feeling, it is more fundamental way of worship, it is a way to relate to the divine whereas philosophy is the expounding of this way into consciousness. This aspect of philosophy for Haz is abstracting from the vital essence of religion and turning it into a dead idol, a dead form. Haz tells that Marx has not attacked religion but on the contrary he has attacked philosophy. <ref>https://youtu.be/ca1Q_Abm5Dk?t=956</ref>


Haz has it that religions are not about dogmatic beliefs in positive supernatural objects and when one understands religion through the lens of ontology which is to say that when religions are referring to God and and divinity they are speaking ontologically they are referring to ‘being’. A God is like one ‘being’ that is to say they're not referring to supernatural positive realities they are speaking they are trying to give expression they are trying to give a language to our reality in a more fundamental way. The idea that God is someone with whom you can attribute like human intentionality to common such as to be mad at God and modern thing is this idea that I’m angry at God - that’s an absurdity historically because what does the subject in question mean that he is angry at god? What does god mean then? When people talking about god they’re trying to refer to something which is related to ontology.<ref>https://youtu.be/rzov1-hSNXc?si=Pd3XqyzUgSAFEXXB&t=232</ref> Haz talks about Marx's "monotheist humanism" which can be ontologically understood where 'being' is the unity of opposites.<ref>https://twitter.com/InfraHaz/status/1529383789125943296</ref>
Haz holds that religions are not about dogmatic beliefs in positive supernatural objects and when one understands religion through the lens of ontology which is to say that when religions are referring to God and and divinity they are speaking ontologically they are referring to ‘being’. A God is like one ‘being’ that is to say they're not referring to supernatural positive realities they are speaking they are trying to give expression they are trying to give a language to our reality in a more fundamental way. The idea that God is someone with whom you can attribute like human intentionality to common such as to be mad at God and modern thing is this idea that I’m angry at God - that’s an absurdity historically because what does the subject in question mean that he is angry at god? What does god mean then? When people talking about god they’re trying to refer to something which is related to ontology.<ref>https://youtu.be/rzov1-hSNXc?t=232</ref>


===Monotheism===
==Marx was a Christian==
 
Western academic dogma holds that Marx was some militant atheist like [[Trotsky]]. In fact, Marx was a Christian.
 
See [[Christianity#Marx's Christianity]].
 
==Monotheism==
What is imperative about monotheism is that how it gives expression to unity of 'being' and unity of God, the meaning as such is mediated with singular 'truth' or 'good'. Plato's 'monotheism' is to tend to higher Platonic forms but is regardless an example of how all things are part of one reality or how they are part of something singular, Plato in his 'Republic' even goes as far as to conclude in that poetry should be banished from the state or 'ideal state' because poets being the imitator of nature are removed from reality and it gratifies the soul's baser part. For Plato, in his 'Republic' the good takes the form of state an 'ideal republic'. Further Plato says that poetry may be allowed to return when it would be appropriate to exist in 'city with good laws' or in other words 'ideal republic' of Plato because on the contrary was the situation where poets like Homer and others were respected and were considered important.<ref>Plato's 'Republic' Book X</ref>
What is imperative about monotheism is that how it gives expression to unity of 'being' and unity of God, the meaning as such is mediated with singular 'truth' or 'good'. Plato's 'monotheism' is to tend to higher Platonic forms but is regardless an example of how all things are part of one reality or how they are part of something singular, Plato in his 'Republic' even goes as far as to conclude in that poetry should be banished from the state or 'ideal state' because poets being the imitator of nature are removed from reality and it gratifies the soul's baser part. For Plato, in his 'Republic' the good takes the form of state an 'ideal republic'. Further Plato says that poetry may be allowed to return when it would be appropriate to exist in 'city with good laws' or in other words 'ideal republic' of Plato because on the contrary was the situation where poets like Homer and others were respected and were considered important.<ref>Plato's 'Republic' Book X</ref>


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It is worth noting that religions such as Hinduism which are often regarded as 'pagans' or 'heathens' due to the outlook representative of many Gods actually have a metaphysical premise which has monotheistic underpinnings.
It is worth noting that religions such as Hinduism which are often regarded as 'pagans' or 'heathens' due to the outlook representative of many Gods actually have a metaphysical premise which has monotheistic underpinnings.


===Paganism===
==Paganism as an occult practice==
Paganism and its problem is concerned with the fact that if there is no singularity of meaning and if there is no singularity of reality then there is no way to relate to humanity, to our origins, to our reality and meaning as such. Paganism divides the human heart. The subject would not see humanity as one and universal. It is the foreclosure of the singular divine, the singular truth and the singular reality. For Haz racialism is also a form of paganism as it does not see humanity as a whole but it attributes master race and its subordinates.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/live/wiZEMHxOz58?si=0ixLMigpMXs-WA08&t=7530</ref> Above examples of Hadrian and Zeus are just few of the many examples of paganism.
Paganism and its problem is concerned with the fact that if there is no singularity of meaning and if there is no singularity of reality then there is no way to relate to humanity, to our origins, to our reality and meaning as such. Paganism divides the human heart. The subject would not see humanity as one and universal. It is the foreclosure of the singular divine, the singular truth and the singular reality. For Haz racialism is also a form of paganism as it does not see humanity as a whole but it attributes master race and its subordinates.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/live/wiZEMHxOz58?si=0ixLMigpMXs-WA08&t=7530</ref> Above examples of Hadrian and Zeus are just few of the many examples of paganism.
Haz says that any real tradition is not pagan. So, Zoroastrianism is not pagan and neither Hinduism nor Buddhism is pagan. Paganism is a state of ignorance - the only people who are initiated into paganism are the elites. It is never an openly avowed popular religion it's always a secret and selected elites whether it be the philosophers or be they something else who are initiated into paganism. But paganism is ignorance, whereas Hinduism and Buddhism are scholarly traditions. This is a difference which one should keep in mind.<ref>https://infrared-transcripts.pages.dev/en/youtube/infrared/wizemhxoz58/</ref>


===Guenon's 'World Egg' and Haz's Interpretation===
===Guenon's 'World Egg' and Haz's Interpretation===
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Every time we shun God, every time we turn ourselves away from God, every time it is done as such, the same demons come to prevail over the hearts of men and women.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/live/wiZEMHxOz58?si=2NAFqxsxbgLpTCtv&t=7257</ref>
Every time we shun God, every time we turn ourselves away from God, every time it is done as such, the same demons come to prevail over the hearts of men and women.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/live/wiZEMHxOz58?si=2NAFqxsxbgLpTCtv&t=7257</ref>


== Christianity and its sects ==
== The different subjects of Dharma and Greek Logos vs Abrahamics and Confucianism==
 
=== Early Christianity ===
 
=== Gnosticism ===
 
Gnosticism was never an official religion because it was banned by the Church as heresy, so not all of its beliefs are universally held, but it consistently believes that Jesus was trying to bring knowledge to mankind, that (at least some) humans have divine souls trapped in the evil physical world by a demon, and those humans need to escape to the divine realm.
 
Gnosticism believes the God of the Old Testament was an evil demon called Yaldabaoth who sought to imprison the goddess Sophia (knowledge) in the physical world (its evil creation). The serpent who guided Adam and Eve to the apple in the Garden of Eden was the good guy.
 
The divine realm is typically conceived as multiple layers of ideals emanating from the original ideal. (Compare [[Hegel]]'s conception of dialectics and the Spirit.) Each layer brings more imperfections, until you get "archons" (angels), including Yaldabaoth, who was able to make the evil physical world.
 
Many historical Gnostics were merchants, hence the idealism.
 
=== Orthodoxy ===
 
=== Catholicism ===
 
=== Lutheranism ===
 
=== Calvinism ===
 
Calvinism believes in predestination, which is reactionary.
 
=== Puritanism ===
 
=== Pietism ===
 
==Islam and it's sects ==
 
=== Sunni ===
 
Sunni is the dominant sect of Islam and most Sunnis are great people. But Salafis and Wahhabis are not.
 
==== Salafi ====
 
Salafi is a right-wing [[fascist]] tendency of Sunni Islam. Salafis supposedly uphold "tradition" but in fact preach ultra-reactionary social values and conflict with nonbelievers, which were not the goals of the Prophet Muhammad. Hence, they have been funded by [[Saudi Arabia]], [[Israel]] and the [[CIA]] in the form of [[ISIS]], terrorists who kill workers and socialists and pretend to fight the US military in order to justify US occupation of the Middle East.
 
==== Wahhabi ====
 
Wahhabi is very similar to Salafi, but slightly less violent. It is the official ideology of Saudi Arabia. Like Salafi, its supposed "tradition" is recent and heavily linked to puppets of [[Western imperialism]].
 
=== Shia ===
 
Shia Islam is most popular in Iran, where it holds state power. Thus, the Supreme Leader of [[Iran]] is also the leader of Shia Islam.
 
Shia Muslims are currently active in revolutionary movements in Yemen ([[Houthis]]), Lebanon ([[Hezbollah]]), and [[Bahrain]]. In Bahrain during the [[Israel-Iran War]], they have struck the US military base.
 
==== Twelver Shia ====
 
=== Sufi ===
 
Sufi is a mystical practice within both Shia and Sunni Islam.
 
== Judaism and its sects ==
 
=== Orthodox ===
 
=== Mendelssohnian Reformism ===
 
=== Zionism ===
 
Main article: [[Zionism]]
 
== Eastern religions ==
 
===  Buddhism ===
 
Main article: [[Buddhism]]
 
=== Taoism ===
 
Taoism is a philosophy that is [[based]] in dialectics.
 
=== Confucianism ===
 
=== Hinduism ===
 
Hinduism is an umbrella term for Indian religions worshipping various Gods. It usually upholds the reactionary feudal [[caste system]], which was strengthened by the [[British Empire]].
 
=== Sikhism ===
 
'''Sikhi''' or '''Sikhism''' is a monotheistic religion with a revolutionary and community-[[based]] tradition.
 
Sikhi respects the prophets [[Jesus]] and [[Mohammed]] and their religions, considering them as alternate paths to unity with God. The Sikh book, Guru Granth Sahib, says, "The One Lord is within both Hindu and Muslim."<ref>[https://www.sikhiwiki.org/index.php/Guru_Granth_Sahib's_guidance_for_Muslims SikhiWiki]</ref> Even atheists may meet God if they do good deeds and do not live by ego.
 
Sikhi grew out of the meditations of Guru Nanak and the following nine Gurus. Nanak was originally a Hindu but met with holy men of [[Islam]], especially the Sufis, [[Buddhism]], and more. He criticized the Hindu [[caste system]] and oppression of women, forming a new religion.
 
Sikhi discarded rituals like the sacraments, criticizing the [[Pharisees|Pharasaical]] corrupt pretenses of established religions, and focused on getting the soul closer to God through understanding. "Sikh" means "student", and Sikhs reject the need for miracles because a prophet's message is more important.
 
Sikhi believes that this world is temporary<ref>[https://www.sikhiwiki.org/index.php/Maya Maya]</ref>, and our souls grow apart from God due to a delusional attachment to this world, such as in [[ego]], [[greed]], and [[lust]]. The pillars of Sikh practice are Naam Simran i.e. meditation, Sangat i.e. '''community''', and Seva i.e. selfless service. The meaning of Sangat is that God is not found in reclusion, in asceticism or abandoning the world - rather, Sikhi believes in living as a [[Be Normal|normal]] person in a strong community and finding God in the people around you.
 
Though favored by the great [[Mughal]] Emperor Akbar, Sikhs were forced into conflict by his tyrant grandson Aurangzeb. The Sikh community took up arms and fought a [[bourgeois-democratic revolution]] based in the peasants and workers. This is why Sikhs still refuse to cut their hair: At the time, it openly marked them as rebels.
 
<blockquote>
 
The Sikh teaching of equality (their effort to reconcile Hinduism and Islam) became the ideology of the peasant movement against the Indian feudals and Afghan invaders in the late 17th century.
 
- Institute of Marxism-Leninism of the CC of the [[Bolsheviks|CPSU]]<ref name="First-Indian">Marx-Engels. The First Indian War of Independence, 1857-1859. Progress Publishers, Moscow 1959. https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/subject/india/first-indian-war-marx.pdf</ref>(p. 186)
 
</blockquote>
 
Multiple Sikh Gurus were martyred by the Mughals. In the [[Maoist]] style, the Sikh guerrillas finally won and established the Sikh Confederacy. This was a New Democracy dominated by the proletariat, via the Panchayat system of Khalsa<ref>"Khalsa" means "the pure", and today it refers to all those baptized into Sikhism and following a stricter set of rules. Historically, it was a revolutionary people's army.</ref> army councils.
 
The proto-Dengist Khalsa harnessed the bourgeois to accelerate the [[productive forces]]. However, the Sikh bourgeois betrayed the Khalsa to the [[British Empire]].
 
<blockquote>
 
In spite of the fine organisation of their army, which fought against the British with stubborn bravery, the Sikhs were defeated.... The chief cause of the defeat was treachery on the part of their supreme command. (p. 195)
 
In 1845, the British colonialists enlisted the support of traitors among the Sikh gentry to provoke a conflict with the Sikhs, and in 1846 succeeded in turning the Sikh state into a vassal principality. In 1848 the Sikhs revolted, but were totally subjugated in 1849. With the conquest of Punjab all India became a British colony. (p. 186)
 
- Institute of Marxism-Leninism of the CC of the CPSU<ref name="First-Indian"/>


</blockquote>
A subscriber once asked for a comparison between the dialectic of Islam with Hindu dharma, and the dialectic of Christianity with Celtic paganism. Haz said that Abrahamic religions deal with a different sphere of reality than the Dharma, and the Dharma was agnostic (about God) when not in contact with the Abrahamics. (Thus Buddhism was part of Haz's worldview, but he was "not only a Buddhist".) The true analogy for the Muslim-Dharmic dialectic is the dialectic between Christianity and the Greek "logos" - Plato, Aristotle, etc. The real tension is between the Hindu dharma and the Greek logos.<ref name="dark">The Dark Origins of Infrared Exposed https://infrared-transcripts.pages.dev/en/youtube/infrared/182k1xmitpo/</ref>


The Sikhs are remembered by historians, Punjabis, British, and Russians universally as ferocious enemies of the British.<ref>[https://anglo-sikh.blogspot.com/2009/04/anglo-sikh-wars.html 1809-2009 : Anglo-Sikh relations 200 Years. Anglo-Sikh Wars]</ref>
The sphere of reality that Abrahamic religions deal with, unlike the Dharma, relates to the "moral will". However, this sphere is usually monopolized by the state. For example, Haz compares [[Confucianism]] to Abrahamic religions, both dealing with that same sphere of reality.<ref name="dark"/>


<blockquote>The Sikhs were always the most formidable opponents of the British among the natives of India.
Chinese societies had a radically different relationship to religion than the Abrahamic religions or the Dharmic religions of the south. With religions like Confucianism, the way people relate to the religion and express their religiosity was through the state. For example, the rights of worship and ritual were integrated into the state. Religion was not an autonomous personal belief, but woven into the fabric of civil society and the state. This is why China was not sending out missionaries - all relations to the religion had to be through the state.<ref>Destroying Vaush https://infrared-transcripts.pages.dev/en/youtube/infrared-vods/wtzxbsgcudo/</ref>


- Marx and Engels<ref name="First-Indian"/>(p. 163)
Not only was religion mediated by the state, but the state was kept in check by religion. The Chinese Mandate of Heaven holds that the ruler must keep the social contract to his people, and if he fails, he will be overthrown.
</blockquote>


===Jainism===
==List of religions==


Jainism is a retarded unproductive hippie-[[fascist]] religion. Jains (a Hindu [[caste]]) consider it "wrong" to "harm" any life - even bugs, even plants, even bacteria. They claim their religion is about "minimizing harm", so they refuse to eat lots of stuff. Philosophically, they represent a resistance to change such as death, whereas the dialectic is about change (Marxism is [[accelerationist]]). Thus, Jainism is Satanic.
Abrahamic:
* [[Islam]] (communist)
* [[Christianity]]
* [[Gnosticism]]
* [[Judaism]]


Many Jains are high-caste and oppress people below them. Since they consider killing a mosquito to be "evil", it allows them to minimize the rest of their crimes by comparison. (Compare the Christian / Western liberal [[guilt complex]].)
Dharmic religions:


== Paganism and Satanism ==
* [[Sikhi]] (communist)
* [[Hinduism]] - an umbrella term for traditional Indian worship of various gods
* [[Jainism]] (parasitic and Brahminoid)
* [[Buddhism]]


=== Paganism ===
Eastern philosophies:


=== Satanism ===
* [[Confucianism]]
* [[Taoism]] (dialectical)


Greek philosophies:
* [[Plato]]
* [[Aristotle]]
* [[Stoicism]]


Other:
* [[Zoroastrianism]]


==References==
==References==


[[Category: WIP]]
[[Category: Religion]]

Latest revision as of 05:33, 20 August 2026

Infrared and especially Haz considers religion as an important part of humanity, and that religion is essential to have a better understanding of mankind, history, and even more so the essence of Marxism.

Haz described communism as "innermost sacred belief held by mankind" while talking about its compatibility with religion.[1], he considers theological questions are of decisive significance in the mediation of people's lives with a sense of meaning. Humanity cannot dwell at the precipice of extinction is a message which can be deduced from the questions pertaining to humanity's existence of both of philosophical and theological nature.[2] However, religion is more fundamental feeling, it is more fundamental way of worship, it is a way to relate to the divine whereas philosophy is the expounding of this way into consciousness. This aspect of philosophy for Haz is abstracting from the vital essence of religion and turning it into a dead idol, a dead form. Haz tells that Marx has not attacked religion but on the contrary he has attacked philosophy. [3]

Haz holds that religions are not about dogmatic beliefs in positive supernatural objects and when one understands religion through the lens of ontology which is to say that when religions are referring to God and and divinity they are speaking ontologically they are referring to ‘being’. A God is like one ‘being’ that is to say they're not referring to supernatural positive realities they are speaking they are trying to give expression they are trying to give a language to our reality in a more fundamental way. The idea that God is someone with whom you can attribute like human intentionality to common such as to be mad at God and modern thing is this idea that I’m angry at God - that’s an absurdity historically because what does the subject in question mean that he is angry at god? What does god mean then? When people talking about god they’re trying to refer to something which is related to ontology.[4]

Marx was a Christian

Western academic dogma holds that Marx was some militant atheist like Trotsky. In fact, Marx was a Christian.

See Christianity#Marx's Christianity.

Monotheism

What is imperative about monotheism is that how it gives expression to unity of 'being' and unity of God, the meaning as such is mediated with singular 'truth' or 'good'. Plato's 'monotheism' is to tend to higher Platonic forms but is regardless an example of how all things are part of one reality or how they are part of something singular, Plato in his 'Republic' even goes as far as to conclude in that poetry should be banished from the state or 'ideal state' because poets being the imitator of nature are removed from reality and it gratifies the soul's baser part. For Plato, in his 'Republic' the good takes the form of state an 'ideal republic'. Further Plato says that poetry may be allowed to return when it would be appropriate to exist in 'city with good laws' or in other words 'ideal republic' of Plato because on the contrary was the situation where poets like Homer and others were respected and were considered important.[5]

History of Abrahamic religions namely Christianity, Islam and Judaism show how there has always been the fight between paganism and monotheism, also how monotheism is deals with deviation from the 'good'. Jesus' test by the devil in the wilderness with the devil tempting Him at a time when He had fasted for forty days is symbolic of how Satan dares to employ its deceitful techniques on a great character like Jesus in Bible.[6] Fasting and praying is to cut off from the world which has made a man's flesh indulgent in slothful routine and mannerisms which the devil tries to revert.[7] Due to deviations from 'chief good' which monotheism has it as its essence we find pedophilia, debauchery and acts which are lower forms of humanity e.g. Sodom and Gomorrah which is found in Abrahamic tradition and also both in ancient Greece and Rome; Roman emperor Hadrian's love relationship with Antinous, a young boy; Zeus's affairs with various mortal women while Zeus transforming himself to animal or other form.[8]

It is worth noting that religions such as Hinduism which are often regarded as 'pagans' or 'heathens' due to the outlook representative of many Gods actually have a metaphysical premise which has monotheistic underpinnings.

Paganism as an occult practice

Paganism and its problem is concerned with the fact that if there is no singularity of meaning and if there is no singularity of reality then there is no way to relate to humanity, to our origins, to our reality and meaning as such. Paganism divides the human heart. The subject would not see humanity as one and universal. It is the foreclosure of the singular divine, the singular truth and the singular reality. For Haz racialism is also a form of paganism as it does not see humanity as a whole but it attributes master race and its subordinates.[9] Above examples of Hadrian and Zeus are just few of the many examples of paganism.

Haz says that any real tradition is not pagan. So, Zoroastrianism is not pagan and neither Hinduism nor Buddhism is pagan. Paganism is a state of ignorance - the only people who are initiated into paganism are the elites. It is never an openly avowed popular religion it's always a secret and selected elites whether it be the philosophers or be they something else who are initiated into paganism. But paganism is ignorance, whereas Hinduism and Buddhism are scholarly traditions. This is a difference which one should keep in mind.[10]

Guenon's 'World Egg' and Haz's Interpretation

Rene Guenon had this symbol of 'World Egg' where the light coming from the heavens at the top of 'world egg' gets sealed shut in modernity and at the bottom the strange forces seep into the world egg from below. And humanity gets hijacked and throttled in every which direction - every form of debauchery, corruption and evil begins to prevail when the ceiling gets shut that connects us to the divine. Every time the ceiling to the divinity, the divine gets shut closed it appears that the same patterns of the same kind of pagan gods prevail over humanity. For example, the perennial similarity between the Semitic deities and the European viz. Greco-Roman deities.

Every time we shun God, every time we turn ourselves away from God, every time it is done as such, the same demons come to prevail over the hearts of men and women.[11]

The different subjects of Dharma and Greek Logos vs Abrahamics and Confucianism

A subscriber once asked for a comparison between the dialectic of Islam with Hindu dharma, and the dialectic of Christianity with Celtic paganism. Haz said that Abrahamic religions deal with a different sphere of reality than the Dharma, and the Dharma was agnostic (about God) when not in contact with the Abrahamics. (Thus Buddhism was part of Haz's worldview, but he was "not only a Buddhist".) The true analogy for the Muslim-Dharmic dialectic is the dialectic between Christianity and the Greek "logos" - Plato, Aristotle, etc. The real tension is between the Hindu dharma and the Greek logos.[12]

The sphere of reality that Abrahamic religions deal with, unlike the Dharma, relates to the "moral will". However, this sphere is usually monopolized by the state. For example, Haz compares Confucianism to Abrahamic religions, both dealing with that same sphere of reality.[12]

Chinese societies had a radically different relationship to religion than the Abrahamic religions or the Dharmic religions of the south. With religions like Confucianism, the way people relate to the religion and express their religiosity was through the state. For example, the rights of worship and ritual were integrated into the state. Religion was not an autonomous personal belief, but woven into the fabric of civil society and the state. This is why China was not sending out missionaries - all relations to the religion had to be through the state.[13]

Not only was religion mediated by the state, but the state was kept in check by religion. The Chinese Mandate of Heaven holds that the ruler must keep the social contract to his people, and if he fails, he will be overthrown.

List of religions

Abrahamic:

Dharmic religions:

Eastern philosophies:

Greek philosophies:

Other:

References