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In attempting to shield pure (vulgar) materialism and accept it into their thought while also acknowledging the metaphysical realm of thought, the mechanical school was founded by Descartes, who completely estranged his materialist physics from his mathematical metaphysics. For this reason, the materialists of the Cartesian school, or the "anti-metaphysicians", looked to the fresh materialism of John Locke, which had just crossed the river from Britain into France coincidentally. Locke's materialism lent itself to the movement of pragmatism on which the American Revolution for independence was founded, which included [[Thomas Paine]] and [[Jean Jacques Rousseau]]. | In attempting to shield pure (vulgar) materialism and accept it into their thought while also acknowledging the metaphysical realm of thought, the mechanical school was founded by Descartes, who completely estranged his materialist physics from his mathematical metaphysics. For this reason, the materialists of the Cartesian school, or the "anti-metaphysicians", looked to the fresh materialism of John Locke, which had just crossed the river from Britain into France coincidentally. Locke's materialism lent itself to the movement of pragmatism on which the American Revolution for independence was founded, which included [[Thomas Paine]] and [[Jean Jacques Rousseau]]. | ||
It wasn't until the dialectical school was revitalized in the West by [[G.F.W. Hegel]] around the turn of the 19th century that his "rational kernel" of dialectics, reinverted "as in a camera-obscura" from idealist (metaphysical) back (Heraclitus) into materialist dialectics-- which takes our thoughts and ideas as conditioning external reality ''as well as'' external reality conditioning our thoughts and ideas-- that a proper dialectical critique and grounding of materialism in dialectical being was formed. This laid the foundation for the development of Communism as a tradition rooted in and unifying the traditions of [[Dialectics]] | [[Baruch Spinoza]] had a mechanical metaphysics which incorporated some jibber jabber about free will not existing, which later served as the object of Kant's critique. In this critique, Kant aimed to save the last remnants of metaphysics in his critique of Spinozism. However, he actually created the basis critical foundation for Hegel's dialectical idealism to steel-man idealism once and for all, by starting from scratch with his thought and scientifically developing dialectical idealism. | ||
It wasn't until the dialectical school was revitalized in the West by [[G.F.W. Hegel]] around the turn of the 19th century that his "rational kernel" of dialectics, reinverted "as in a camera-obscura" from idealist (metaphysical) back (Heraclitus) into materialist dialectics-- which takes our thoughts and ideas as conditioning external reality ''as well as'' external reality conditioning our thoughts and ideas-- that a proper dialectical critique and grounding of materialism in dialectical being was formed. This laid the foundation for the development of Communism as a tradition rooted in and unifying the traditions of [[Dialectics]], science, philosophy, economics, politics, and, of course, materialism. Thus, when Lenin says "You can only become a Communist when you enrich yourself with all the treasures of mankind," he is not only talking about the physical treasures of humanity; paintings, jewelry, ancient artifacts or architecture, machinery; Lenin is including in these treasures different modes of thought, ideas, language, jokes, our spiritual thoughts and feelings-- all of which refer, for Lenin, to the metaphysical treasures of the very experience of living and the social aspect of humanity, which he views as fundamentally materialist. | |||