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== Background == | == Background == | ||
<blockquote>Of course, when the United States and Britain assisted Germany's economic recovery, they did so with a view to setting a recovered Germany against the Soviet Union, to utilizing her against the land of socialism. But Germany directed her forces in the first place against the Anglo-French-American bloc. And when Hitler Germany declared war on the Soviet Union, the Anglo-French-American bloc, far from joining with Hitler Germany, was compelled to enter into a coalition with the U.S.S.R. against Hitler Germany. | |||
Consequently, the struggle of the capitalist countries for markets and their desire to crush their competitors proved in practice to be stronger than the contradictions between the capitalist camp and the socialist camp. | |||
- Stalin, Economic Problems (1952)<ref name=":8">Stalin, Economic Problems of Socialism in the USSR, "Inevitability of wars between capitalist countries". https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1951/economic-problems/ch07.htm</ref></blockquote> | |||
=== Soviet preparations and strategy === | === Soviet preparations and strategy === | ||
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Therefore, it was predictable that the Nazis would invade the USSR. The British also backed the Nazis with this expectation. | Therefore, it was predictable that the Nazis would invade the USSR. The British also backed the Nazis with this expectation. | ||
Stalin foresaw all this | Some speculate that Stalin foresaw all this 10 years ahead. That is why Stalin had to industrialize. In the 1930s, the Soviets modified the Five Year Plan to mobilize their industry for war.<ref name=":1" /> | ||
On the other hand, capitalists were afraid to attack the USSR, because it would mean taking on all the Soviet workers, and risking the collapse of capitalism. With such risk, they would only do it if they were already at war.<blockquote>Yet the Second World War began not as a war with the U.S.S.R., but as a war between capitalist countries. Why? | |||
# Because war with the U.S.S.R., as a socialist land, is more dangerous to capitalism than war between capitalist countries. For whereas war between capitalist countries only puts into question the supremacy of some capitalist countries over others, war with the U.S.S.R. must certainly put into question the existence of capitalism itself. | |||
# Because the capitalists, although they clamor for "propaganda" purposes about the aggressiveness of the Soviet Union, do not themselves believe that it is aggressive, because they are aware of the Soviet Union's peaceful policy and know that it will not itself attack capitalist countries. | |||
- Stalin, Economic Problems (1952) <ref name=":8" /></blockquote>Therefore, Stalin would ally with one capitalist empire against the other. Fascism was more ruthless in oppressing communists, while liberalism nominally upheld political freedoms. Stalin would use the rhetoric of bourgeois democracy - a war for freedom - to find common ground with workers of capitalist countries. Then the Soviets could talk to proletarians, refute the lies about the USSR, and show them that the only system to truly free them is communism. This is how the Great Patriotic War resulted in huge worldwide victories for communism. | |||
=== Western bourgeois support for Nazi Germany (1918-1939) === | === Western bourgeois support for Nazi Germany (1918-1939) === | ||
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== Course of the War == | == Course of the War == | ||
Stalin expected Germany to invade.<ref name=":1">Saed Teymuri, Soviets expected Nazi war.https://sovinform.net/Soviet-leaders-expected-Nazi-war.htm</ref><ref>Grover Furr, Khrushchev Lied, chapter 5.https://archive.org/details/khrushchev-lied</ref> However, he publicly claimed that the Nazis would not invade, and would honor the Non-Aggression Pact. By appearing to trust Nazi Germany, he emphasized their aggressive nature in the eyes of the public of both sides. <ref name=":1" /> | Stalin expected Germany to invade.<ref name=":1">Saed Teymuri, Soviets expected Nazi war. https://sovinform.net/Soviet-leaders-expected-Nazi-war.htm</ref><ref>Grover Furr, Khrushchev Lied, chapter 5.https://archive.org/details/khrushchev-lied</ref> However, he publicly claimed that the Nazis would not invade, and would honor the Non-Aggression Pact. By appearing to trust Nazi Germany, he emphasized their aggressive nature in the eyes of the public of both sides. <ref name=":1" /> | ||
The Red Army initially retreated, but slowly wore down the Germans. The Nazis found out they had severely underestimated Soviet industry. | The Red Army initially retreated, but slowly wore down the Germans. The Nazis found out they had severely underestimated Soviet industry. | ||
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They also killed over 20 million Soviet soldiers. | They also killed over 20 million Soviet soldiers. | ||
=== Nazi collaborators === | |||
In the Ukraine, the Nazis worked with Stepan Bandera and his the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN), which committed atrocities against civilians and targeted Jews and Poles. | In the Ukraine, the Nazis worked with Stepan Bandera and his the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN), which committed atrocities against civilians and targeted Jews and Poles. | ||
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In the Baltics, the Forest Brothers collaborated with the Nazis. <ref name=":3">The Grayzone, NATO film praises Baltic Nazis. https://thegrayzone.com/2017/07/20/nato-film-baltic-nazi-collaborators-forest-brothers/</ref> | In the Baltics, the Forest Brothers collaborated with the Nazis. <ref name=":3">The Grayzone, NATO film praises Baltic Nazis. https://thegrayzone.com/2017/07/20/nato-film-baltic-nazi-collaborators-forest-brothers/</ref> | ||
==== Central Asia and deportations ==== | |||
Several small Central Asian nations | Several small Central Asian nations rose up against the USSR during WWII, committing mass collaboration with Nazi Germany. As punishment, they were deported away from the border in 1943-44. Namely, the Chechen, Ingush, Karachai, Kalmyks, Kabarda-Balkars, and Crimean Tatars.<ref name=":6" /> | ||
Why? All of them were Muslims, and probably under the influence of reactionary Muslim mullahs who maintained sharia courts and sought to exploit their Muslim followers. <ref name=":6">Bill Bland, Soviet Resettlements. https://espressostalinist.com/2011/07/20/bill-bland-on-the-enforced-resettlements-in-the-soviet-union/</ref> (Unlike the Orthodox Church, Stalin hadn't reconciled Islam to communism.) These reactionary forces had remained so strong because the development of productive forces was retarded by the mountainous geography of the Caucasus.<ref name=":7">SovinformMedia on X, "The CIA admits Truth about Stalin-era Deportations." https://x.com/SovinformMedia/status/1674605330129641473</ref> Nazi intelligence also gave credit to Britain for supporting reactionary jihadists in Central Asia via Afghanistan.<ref name=":5" /> | Why? All of them were Muslims, and probably under the influence of reactionary Muslim mullahs who maintained sharia courts and sought to exploit their Muslim followers. <ref name=":6">Bill Bland, Soviet Resettlements. https://espressostalinist.com/2011/07/20/bill-bland-on-the-enforced-resettlements-in-the-soviet-union/</ref> (Unlike the Orthodox Church, Stalin hadn't reconciled Islam to communism.) These reactionary forces had remained so strong because the development of productive forces was retarded by the mountainous geography of the Caucasus.<ref name=":7">SovinformMedia on X, "The CIA admits Truth about Stalin-era Deportations." https://x.com/SovinformMedia/status/1674605330129641473</ref> Nazi intelligence also gave credit to Britain for supporting reactionary jihadists in Central Asia via Afghanistan.<ref name=":5" /> | ||
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=== The Impact of Lend-Lease: Helpful, But In No Way Decisive === | === The Impact of Lend-Lease: Helpful, But In No Way Decisive === | ||
Stalingrad was the decisive point of the Great Patriotic War. 85% of Lend-Lease supplies arrived when the victory of Stalingrad was already secured.<ref name=":4">Charters Wynn, Not Even Past. https://notevenpast.org/lend-lease/</ref><blockquote>Lend-Lease aid was slow to arrive. During the most crucial period of the war on the Eastern Front it remained little more than a trickle. Only following the Battle of Stalingrad (August 19, 1942-February 2, 1943), when the Soviet Union’s eventual victory seemed assured, did American aid began to arrive on a significant scale – 85% of the supplies arrived after the beginning of 1943. Although the vast majority of the Red Army’s best aircraft, tanks, guns and ammunition continued to be manufactured in the Soviet Union, its mobility and communications, in particular, came to rely on Lend-Lease.<ref name=":4" /></blockquote>American military historian David Glantz says that without Lend-Lease, the USSR still would have won, it just would've taken more time, lives and materials.<blockquote>Lend-Lease aid did not arrive in sufficient quantities to make the difference between defeat and victory in 1941–1942; that achievement must be attributed solely to the Soviet people and to the iron nerve of Stalin, Zhukov, Shaposhnikov, Vasilevsky, and their subordinates. As the war continued, however, the United States and Great Britain provided many of the implements of war and strategic raw materials necessary for Soviet victory. Without Lend-Lease food, clothing, and raw materials (especially metals), the Soviet economy would have been even more heavily burdened by the war effort. Perhaps most directly, without Lend-Lease trucks, rail engines, and railroad cars, every Soviet offensive would have stalled at an earlier stage, outrunning its logistical tail in a matter of days. In turn, this would have allowed the German commanders to escape at least some encirclements, while forcing the Red Army to prepare and conduct many more deliberate penetration attacks in order to advance the same distance. Left to their own devices, Stalin and his commanders might have taken 12 to 18 months longer to finish off the Wehrmacht; the ultimate result would probably have been the same, except that Soviet soldiers could have waded at France's Atlantic beaches.<ref>Glantz, David M. (1995). ''When Titans Clashed: How the Red Army Stopped Hitler''. House, Jonathan M. (Jonathan Mallory). Lawrence: University Press of Kansas. p. 285. ISBN <bdi>978-0700607174</bdi>. OCLC 32859811.</ref></blockquote>Stalin likewise told FDR that without Lend-Lease, Soviet victory would have been delayed. <ref name=":4" /> | Stalingrad was the decisive point of the Great Patriotic War. 85% of Lend-Lease supplies arrived when the victory of Stalingrad was already secured.<ref name=":4">Charters Wynn, Not Even Past. https://notevenpast.org/lend-lease/</ref><blockquote>Lend-Lease aid was slow to arrive. During the most crucial period of the war on the Eastern Front it remained little more than a trickle. Only following the Battle of Stalingrad (August 19, 1942-February 2, 1943), when the Soviet Union’s eventual victory seemed assured, did American aid began to arrive on a significant scale – 85% of the supplies arrived after the beginning of 1943. Although the vast majority of the Red Army’s best aircraft, tanks, guns and ammunition continued to be manufactured in the Soviet Union, its mobility and communications, in particular, came to rely on Lend-Lease.<ref name=":4" /></blockquote>American military historian David Glantz says that without Lend-Lease, the USSR still would have won, it just would've taken more time, lives and materials.<blockquote>Lend-Lease aid did not arrive in sufficient quantities to make the difference between defeat and victory in 1941–1942; that achievement must be attributed solely to the Soviet people and to the iron nerve of Stalin, Zhukov, Shaposhnikov, Vasilevsky, and their subordinates. As the war continued, however, the United States and Great Britain provided many of the implements of war and strategic raw materials necessary for Soviet victory. Without Lend-Lease food, clothing, and raw materials (especially metals), the Soviet economy would have been even more heavily burdened by the war effort. Perhaps most directly, without Lend-Lease trucks, rail engines, and railroad cars, every Soviet offensive would have stalled at an earlier stage, outrunning its logistical tail in a matter of days. In turn, this would have allowed the German commanders to escape at least some encirclements, while forcing the Red Army to prepare and conduct many more deliberate penetration attacks in order to advance the same distance. Left to their own devices, Stalin and his commanders might have taken 12 to 18 months longer to finish off the Wehrmacht; the ultimate result would probably have been the same, except that Soviet soldiers could have waded at France's Atlantic beaches.<ref>Glantz, David M. (1995). ''When Titans Clashed: How the Red Army Stopped Hitler''. House, Jonathan M. (Jonathan Mallory). Lawrence: University Press of Kansas. p. 285. ISBN <bdi>978-0700607174</bdi>. OCLC 32859811.</ref></blockquote>Stalin likewise told FDR that without Lend-Lease, Soviet victory would have been delayed. <ref name=":4" /> | ||
== Nazis defect to CIA == | |||
In December 1942, with the Soviets winning at Stalingrad, Hitler ordered the Nazis to begin peace negotiations with the Western Allies, seeking to shut down the Western Front and unite with the West against the Soviets.<ref name=":5" /> | |||
British agent Dick Ellis had set up the OSS (precursor of the CIA) within FDR's Cabinet, and its director was Allen Dulles, who represented US banks and often dealt with fascist Germany and Italy. Dulles was willing to make a deal with the Nazis, but FDR shut it down. Behind FDR's back, several Nazis reached out to Dulles. <ref name=":5" /> FDR died in April 1945, and his successor President Truman had no problem with the CIA using Nazis. | |||
In May 1945, with the Soviets on the doorstep, Hitler gave his last speech, saying that Germany must remain "defensive" in the West, and "a powerful counter-offensive" would begin in the East. Around this time, Nazi troops were ordered not to shoot at Americans or Englishmen.<ref name=":5" /> | |||
Reinhart Gehlen, a leader of the Gestapo on the Eastern Front, also called "Hitler's Super Spy", fled to Bavaria to "surrender" to the US. They appointed him leader of the Gehlen Organization, which received at least $48,000,000 from the US government. Gehlen had about 5,000 contacts, mainly in Eastern Europe (behind the "Iron Curtain"). <ref name=":9" /> (Aptheker, p. 108) | |||
Gehlen told his CIA handler that 28% of his organization were Nazi Party members. (In reality, it could have been more.)<ref name=":5" /> | |||
The Gehlen Organization worked extensively with the underground Nazi group "Schnez Army", consisting of up to 40,000 veterans of the Wehrmacht and Waffen-SS. They had an agreement to share intelligence.<ref name=":5" /> | |||
The Waffen-SS, SD, and Reich Main Security Office were transformed into the Nazi underground HIAG (Hilfegemeinschaft auf Gegenseitigkeit), numbering about 120,000 Waffen-SS veterans. The CIA worked with HIAG, protecting its chief's identity.<ref name=":5" /> | |||
Gehlen and the CIA also used the Association of German Youth (Bund Deutsche Jugend) to indoctrinate youth for Nazism and "against any kind of planned economy". <ref name=":9" /> (Aptheker, p. 109)<blockquote>The picture in Germany immediately after the war would be somewhat as follows: at the top a few “decent, neutral” statesmen who, at first sight, seem to have no connection with the Nazis. Behind and around them a great number of men who seem willing, even eager, to collaborate with the [Allied Military Government] and the occupying authorities in order to retain their positions. Behind them innumerable front organizations and Nazi cells biding their time, waiting, lying low. And finally, at least during the first period of occupation, the relatively small group or groups of those who wage active resistance, the guerrillas and partisans. | |||
- Curt Riess, The Nazis Go Underground, pp. 184-185<ref name=":5" /></blockquote>Nazi Adolf Heusinger was appointed leader of NATO. Nazi Klaus Barbie became a secret CIA agent. | |||
In 1956, the Gehlen Organization was transformed into the West German secret police, the Federal Intelligence Service (BND), remaining under Reinhart Gehlen's leadership until 1968. | |||
The Schnez Army joined the Christian Democrats and Kautskyites of West Germany. <ref name=":5" /> | |||
Gehlen's agents were involved in the [[Hungarian Uprising of 1956]], according to the NY World Telegram and Sun.<ref name=":9" /> (Aptheker, p. 110) | |||
== Aftermath == | == Aftermath == | ||
The Nazis' planned famines had wiped out Soviet grain reserves. The USA expected the USSR to starve during the war, but it held out. Only after the war, a drought hit and there was a famine. Stalin | |||
=== Drought of 1946-7 === | |||
The Nazis' planned famines had wiped out Soviet grain reserves. The USA expected the USSR to starve during the war, but it held out. Only after the war, a drought hit and there was a famine in 1946-1947. Stalin stopped exporting grain and sent it to feed the people. | |||
=== "Rape of Berlin" === | |||
The Germans had committed countless rapes, looting, and other atrocities. When the Red Army reached Berlin, many soldiers wanted to turn the tables, but the Soviet leadership held their soldiers to a higher standard than the Germans. | |||
The Soviet High Command gave many commands against rape and destruction.<blockquote>Strict orders have been issued that the German civilian population is to be left alone, nothing is to be stolen, and German women are not to be molested. - Major Kostikov</blockquote>The Soviet command even banned troops from drinking alcohol and fraternizing with Germans (visiting German homes, movies, bars, cafes, or riding in their trains or buses). | |||
According to the CIA, at least 10-15% of Soviet Armed Forces were spending time in prison for rape. | |||
<ref>Saed Teymuri, The History of the USSR and the People's Democracies, Chapter 10 Section 10. Via Sovinform, "Soviet High Command banned troops from Rape in Germany". https://sovinform.net/soviet-high-command-banned-troops-from-rape-in-germany.htm</ref> | |||
=== Rise of Communism === | === Rise of Communism === | ||
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=== Effect on capitalist countries === | === Effect on capitalist countries === | ||
Communists became extremely popular even in the capitalist world, which thanked them for defeating the Nazis. Even so, the Western bourgeois wanted World War III.<ref>Herbert Aptheker, The Truth about Hungary.https://archive.org/details/the-truth-about-hungary</ref> Churchill demanded to invade the USSR, but his advisors told him it was impossible.<ref>UK National Archives, Operation Unthinkable.https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/education/resources/cold-war-on-file/operation-unthinkable/</ref> | Communists became extremely popular even in the capitalist world, which thanked them for defeating the Nazis. Even so, the Western bourgeois wanted World War III.<ref name=":9">Herbert Aptheker, The Truth about Hungary. https://archive.org/details/the-truth-about-hungary</ref> Churchill demanded to invade the USSR, but his advisors told him it was impossible.<ref>UK National Archives, Operation Unthinkable.https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/education/resources/cold-war-on-file/operation-unthinkable/</ref> | ||
The British Empire was forced to reorganize. During the war, it had infiltrated the FDR administration, especially the Office of Strategic Services (OSS), which was set up by British agent Dick Ellis. The OSS was reorganized into the CIA, creating the American deep state. | The British Empire was forced to reorganize. During the war, it had infiltrated the FDR administration, especially the Office of Strategic Services (OSS), which was set up by British agent Dick Ellis. The OSS was reorganized into the CIA, creating the American deep state. | ||