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The '''Crisis of Marxism''' was an internal crisis within the [[Marxism|Marxist]] movement that occurred in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The crisis was the result of [[Karl Marx]]'s prediction that the [[standard of living]] for the [[proletariat]] would inevitably decrease and lead to a [[revolution]] had ultimately proven to be false. As a result, the Marxist movement split into [[Leninism]] (later became [[Marxism-Leninism]]), [[orthodox Marxism]] (a ''de facto'' successor of [[utopian socialism]]), and [[fascism]] (alternatively self-identified as [[Trotskyism]]).
The '''Crisis of Marxism''' is a so-called "crisis" made up by liberals<ref>[[Wikipedia]] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crisis_of_Marxism</ref> misinterpreting [[Karl Marx]]'s predictions. See [[Karl Marx#Predictions]].  


== Origins ==
The actual historical events associated with it are essentially the division of the socialist movement into [[Leninism]], [[social democracy]], and [[fascism]]. The second trend stemmed from [[Menshevik]] [[revisionism]], which ironically called itself '''"Orthodox Marxism"'''.
In the 19th century, [[Germany|German]] [[Philosophy|philosopher]] Karl Marx predicted that [[capitalism]] was doomed to fail. He believed that this was to come about due to the inevitability of the proletariat's standard of living gradually becoming worse as the capitalist system continued to develop, forcing the proletariat to rise up and overthrow the [[bourgeoisie]]. By the 20th century, however, the standard of living for the [[Europe|European]] proletariat had actually improved and many proletarians found themselves identifying more with their [[Nation|nations]] than their [[Socieconomic class|classes]]. As a result, Marx's prediction had ultimately been proven wrong.
 
== Factions ==
With time proving Marx's original predictions wrong, the Marxist movement split into three major faction in an attempt to explain what had happened and how [[Communism]] could still be achieved.
 
==Leninism==
See [[Vladimir Lenin]], [[Leninism]]
 
==== Orthodox Marxism ====
''Main articles: [[Orthodox Marxism]], [[Utopian socialism]]''
 
==== Fascism ====
''Main articles: [[Fascism]], [[National Socialism]], [[Trotskyism]]''


== Notable individuals ==
== Notable individuals ==
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* [[Joseph Stalin]]
* [[Joseph Stalin]]


=== Orthodox Marxists ===
=== Mensheviks ===


* [[Eduard Bernstein]]
* [[Eduard Bernstein]]
* [[Karl Kautsky]]
* [[Karl Kautsky]]
* [[Rosa Luxemburg]]


=== Fascists ===
=== Fascists ===


* [[Nikolai Bukharin]]
* [[Giovanni Gentile]]<ref><i>The Doctrine of Fascism</i> by [[Giovanni Gentile]] and [[Benito Mussolini]]</ref>
* [[Giovanni Gentile]]<ref><i>The Doctrine of Fascism</i> by [[Giovanni Gentile]] and [[Benito Mussolini]]</ref>
* [[Adolf Hitler]]
* [[Adolf Hitler]]
* [[Nazism]]
* [[Benito Mussolini]]
* [[Benito Mussolini]]
* [[Leon Trotsky]]<ref><i>Leon Trotsky's Collaboration with Germany and Japan</i> by [[Grover Furr]]</ref>
 
Arguably also [[Leon Trotsky]] because of his socialist but non-reformist views, and his collaboration with Nazi Germany and Japan.<ref><i>Leon Trotsky's Collaboration with Germany and Japan</i> by [[Grover Furr]]</ref> [[Nikolai Bukharin]] was also involved in this collaboration.


== References ==
== References ==
<references />
<references />
[[Category:Revisionism]]
[[Category:Marxism]]
[[Category:Marxism-Leninism]]

Latest revision as of 21:03, 24 August 2026

The Crisis of Marxism is a so-called "crisis" made up by liberals[1] misinterpreting Karl Marx's predictions. See Karl Marx#Predictions.

The actual historical events associated with it are essentially the division of the socialist movement into Leninism, social democracy, and fascism. The second trend stemmed from Menshevik revisionism, which ironically called itself "Orthodox Marxism".

Notable individuals

Leninists

Mensheviks

Fascists

Arguably also Leon Trotsky because of his socialist but non-reformist views, and his collaboration with Nazi Germany and Japan.[3] Nikolai Bukharin was also involved in this collaboration.

References

  1. Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crisis_of_Marxism
  2. The Doctrine of Fascism by Giovanni Gentile and Benito Mussolini
  3. Leon Trotsky's Collaboration with Germany and Japan by Grover Furr